| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge.lin | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bride, daughter-in-law | face="Times New Roman Star"íåâåñòà, íåâåñòêà | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin|-u"n (Orkh., Coll.), kelin (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kilen | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin (Sangl., Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin (Malov) | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"lin | face="Times New Roman Star"gelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kil@n | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"lin (ga"lin < Az.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin, kil@n- | face="Times New Roman Star"kiji:t (*plur.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"helin, henni- | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kilen | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"gelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kelin | face="Times New Roman Star"kein, kiin (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"gelin | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, EDT 719, ÝÑÒß 3, 16-18, Ëåêñèêà 302. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Kendu"k (*Kentu"k) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 large earthenware jar for storing flour 2 bin, crib for flour, grain | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áîëüøîé ãëèíÿíûé ñîñóä äëÿ ìóêè 2 ëàðü, çàêðîì äëÿ ìóêè, çåðíà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kendu"k (MK - Ganch.) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndu"k 'jug' (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kandik 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ndi 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ndi 'basket' | face="Times New Roman Star"kandi 'round wooden bowl' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kendik 'room for grain, fuel' (may be < Pers.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 729. Clauson regards the word as an unequivocal iranism. The Iranian forms are: Pekhl. kndwg ( > Armen. k'andouk), Pers. kandu:, kandu:k 'big earthenware vessel for storing grain', Osset. xaendyg 'pail for pickled cheese'. Persian is the source of Syr. kndwk-, Arab. kandu:z?| 'big vessel for grain'. Also related is Sak. khadi:rakya (*xandi:ra-) 'a vessel' (possibly, some basket-work, see Bailey 71, Àá. 4, 173). Abayev derives the above forms from Iran. *kan- 'to dig' - which is not quite plausible (in a participle we would expect the zero grade vocalism; unclear is the labial vowel in the suffix; semantics raises doubts). On the other hand, all the above Iranian forms can be well explained as Turkisms, including the Saka form - with the suffix -rak (a wellknown suffix for receptacles, see Bang 1918). External parallels provide the final support for such a decision. Middle Greek ko/ndu" 'pota":/rion' may be < Bulg., cf. the Chuv. semantics (see Ôàñìåð sub êàíäèÿ; cf. also other European words possibly having the same source). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to cut | face="Times New Roman Star"ðåçàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- (Yenis.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kis- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kis- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"kas- | face="Times New Roman Star"kehe:- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ke's- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kit|- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 257, ÝÑÒß 5, 55-57, 58. Turk. *kesek > WMong. keseg 'piece, part' (TMN 3, 596, Clark 1980, 39, Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gEr/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to walk, walk through | face="Times New Roman Star"õîäèòü, ïðîõîäèòü ÷åðåç | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"giz- | face="Times New Roman Star"ke/z- (Sangl., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"g/ka"z- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ka"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gid|- | face="Times New Roman Star"[kezik 'î÷åðåäü'] | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 260, EDT 757, ÝÑÒß 3, 10-11. Cf. also (with -r-) Yak. kerij- 'walk around'. The derived Turk. *ger/ik 'turn, order' ( < *'going through') > MMong. kes?ik (SH), WMong. kesig 'wake, turn' (see TMN 1, 467-468, Clark 1980, 40). The verb itself was also borrowed, cf. WMong. kesu"-, Khalkha, Bur. xese-, Dag. kese- 'to wander, roam'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to indent, notch, crack | face="Times New Roman Star"äåëàòü çàðóáêó, íàäðåç |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ked- (OKypch., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"get- | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"k (n.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ga":t- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ka":tu"k `indent' | face="Times New Roman Star"kat- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kit- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ketik (n.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 259, ÝÑÒß 3, 30-31, 5, 65-66, EDT 700-701. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:b- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to chew | face="Times New Roman Star"æåâàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kev- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gev- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"- | face="Times New Roman Star"kevis? 'cud' (MA, Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kaws?a- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"js?i- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ju"s? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"ga":vu"-s? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"kipse-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"kepz?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"keps?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka":vis? 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"kavle- | face="Times New Roman Star"kebi:- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"kegz?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-s?-o"- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jis 'cud' | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jze- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jo"s? 'cud' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gevs?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vs?e-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jse- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?a"- | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"js?e- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 244, EDT 687, ÝÑÒß 3, 5-7. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to migrate, nomadize 2 nomadizing | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìèãðèðîâàòü, êî÷åâàòü 2 êî÷åâêà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 (MK, KB), ko"c? 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?- 1, ku"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?|- 1, ko"c? 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.c?- 1, ko.c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s 'ðîé', ku"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 'luggage' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 693, 694, Ëåêñèêà 489, ÝÑÒß 3, 88-90, TMN 3, 622, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 315, Stachowski 158. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"r/ ( = *go"r-s) / *go"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 eye (*go"r/) 2 to see, look (*go"r-) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãëàç 2 âèäåòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (Orkh., Yen.,OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"z 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z (Sangl., Pav. C.), ko"z (Vam.) 1, ko"r- (MA, Abush., Sangl.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku.z 1, ku.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, go"r- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (Sag.) 1, ko"zenek (Kyzil.) 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s (R) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s, dial. ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/ 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r- 2; ko"hu"n- 'to be seen' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"stu"k 'eye-glass', ko"sku" 'visible, good-eyed', ko"skenek 'window', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"sku"t- 'to show', ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"d| 1, ku"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"goz/koz 1, kor- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z 1, ko"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"(:)z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"z 1, go"r- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 292, TMN 3, 637f, EDT 756 (*go"r/), 736 (*go"r-), Ôåäîòîâ 1, 310, 314, ÝÑÒß 3, 60-64 (*go"r/), 77-79, 81-84 (*go"r-), Ëåêñèêà 209, Stachowski 155, 156. The Chuv. reflex requires a supposition of a final cluster (*rs) in the nominal stem; this may be a suffixed deverbative. OT ko"ru"g 'glance; image' > MMo, WMong. ko"ru"g 'image'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge.rge- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to need 2 necessity, necessary 3 to stay away, dare not | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íóæäàòüñÿ 2 íåîáõîäèìîñòü, íåîáõîäèìûé 3 íå îñìåëèâàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"kerge- 1 (OUygh.), kergek 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kerge- 1, kerek 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kira"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.rek 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kerak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kera"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"ra"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"gerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kirek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kir-l@ 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerej- 3, kerex 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ra"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kerek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gerek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 256, EDT 742, 743, ÝÑÒß 3, 25-26, Stachowski 145. Turk. > Mong. kereg (see Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to rise, raise | face="Times New Roman Star"ïîäíèìàòü(ñÿ) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"te|r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- (Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.tar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter- (ßÆÓ) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"d@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"r-, ketir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t-; ko"to"r 'bird' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 'to fly; run' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"to"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 706, ÝÑÒß 3, 86-88, Stachowski 158. Cf. also Karakh. ko"tki 'hill', ko"tu" 'the roof of a house' (MK, EDT 701). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"de- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 son-in-law 2 guest | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çÿòü 2 ãîñòü | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"degu" 1, ku"den 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"degu" 1, ku"den 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"veji 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kija"w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kujo|w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jog|ul 1 (*ku"jo"-og|ul) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuzeg|y 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@zo" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ze 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ju" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kideji 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@ru" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"tu"o" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"tu"o" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"de: 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hu"da": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jo": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kijew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"keja"w 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kijew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"va": 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gijav 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jew 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kui 1 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"gijev 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 703, 704-705, ÝÑÒß 3, 43-45, Ëåêñèêà 297-298, Stachowski 166. Turk. > Mong. ku"degu"; Yak. > Evk. kute:. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"n/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smell | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîðåòü 2 æå÷ü 3 çàæèãàòü 4 îáãîðàòü 5 ñàæà 6 ñèëüíûé çàïàõ ãîðåëîãî 7 íåïðèÿòíûé çàïàõ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n- (Argu MK), ko"j- 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) ko"j-, ku"j- 1; ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 (Abush., MA, Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuj- 1, kuja 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ku"j- 1, ko"jdu"r- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ku"jo" (dial.) 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kie_n- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku", k@w|v 6 (Àøì.), k@w|s/ek 7; kúw|vajt 5 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"xo": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ko": 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- 1, ku"je 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ÝÑÒß 5, 88-89, 133, Ëåêñèêà 362, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *ko"n/- 'to grieve, suffer'. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:n, *ki:n-du"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïóïîê, ïóïîâèíà, öåíòð 2 ìóñêóñíàÿ æåëåçà, ìóñêóñ | face="Times New Roman Star"kin 'óòðîáà, vagina; ìóñêóñ', kindik 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin (KB), ku"n (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, ku"nu"k (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, kindak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@n 1, k@nd@k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, kin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@nd@k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, 'belly' | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kinz?|ix, kintix 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ÝÑÒß 5, 68-69, Ëåêñèêà 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Ùåðáàê 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eyelash | face="Times New Roman Star"ðåñíèöà | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerfek | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpu"k (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiprik | face="Times New Roman Star"ki(r)pik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirmik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rb@k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"xúrbúx, xúrbúk, (dial.) xúrbu | face="Times New Roman Star"kirba"j, kirbi: 'edge' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rp@k | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerpek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ÝÑÒß 5, 74-75, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 333-334, Ëåêñèêà 213. Cf. also the verb *Kyrm- / *Kyrp- 'to wink' (ÝÑÒß 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:c? (-e) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 long time 2 late 3 be late 4 night 5 evening 6 yesterday | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äîëãî 2 ïîçäíèé 3 îïàçäûâàòü 4 íî÷ü 5 âå÷åð 6 â÷åðà | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2, kec?- 3, kec?e 4, 5 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 1, 2 (KB, MK), kec?- 3 (MK), kec?a" 4, 5 (KB, MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gec? 2, gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic? 5, kic?e| 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?a 4, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"c?a" 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kic?e 4 (Mal.) | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:c? 2, gi:z?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|e: 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?ik 5 (Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, 5, kec?e 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ec?a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kas/ 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kiehe 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?e: 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kez?|e 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 2, kec?e: 4, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5, kes?a" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"kis 5, kisa" 5, 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec? 5, kec?e | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|a" 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gez?|e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? 2, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ga"z?|i 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"gec?e 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 245, EDT 692-3, 694-5, ÝÑÒß 3, 40-41, 50-51, Ëåêñèêà 82, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèíèé 2 çåëåíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kúw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ÝÑÒß 3, 66-68, Ëåêñèêà 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ge:n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wide | face="Times New Roman Star"øèðîêèé | face="Times New Roman Star"kin| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gen | face="Times New Roman Star"kin| | face="Times New Roman Star"ke.n| (Sangl., Abush., Áîð. Áàä.), ge.n| (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"n| | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"gen | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:n| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:en|g |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kien| | face="Times New Roman Star"kien| |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| | face="Times New Roman Star"kin| | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ken|, ken | face="Times New Roman Star"ken| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gen| | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 724-725, VEWT 253, EDT 724-725, ÝÑÒß 3, 46-47, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"power | face="Times New Roman Star"ñèëà | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? (Sangl., Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"kus? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"gu":c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ic? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"c? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 306, EDT 693, ÝÑÒß 3, 96-98, Stachowski 166. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jn|-il | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heart, mood | face="Times New Roman Star"ñåðäöå, äóõ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n-u"l; go"ju"n, go"jn (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"n, ko"n|-u"l (arch. - borrowed from Tu"rki) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l, ko"n|n-@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|n-u" | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":n | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:il | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|m@w|l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'will, freedom' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'permission' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l, ko"lu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il, kewil | face="Times New Roman Star"go"jn|y | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 731, ÝÑÒß 3, 75-77, Ëåêñèêà 274, Stachowski 156. Almost all languages reflect a suffixed form (a substantivized adjective in -il, see Gabain AG 75). Khak., Shor reflect a nominalized attributive form of ko"n|u"l. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ashes | face="Times New Roman Star"ïåïåë, çîëà | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"kul | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:l | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"xu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"kul | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 307, EDT 715, ÝÑÒß 5, 137-138, Ëåêñèêà 367-368, Stachowski 164. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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